Ifu ya Kaolin yahinduwe mu Bushinwa yo kongera imbaraga za mashini no kurwanya ubushyuhe mu nganda n'abayitanga

Ifu ya Kaolin yahinduwe ku buso bwo mu nganda za pulasitiki yongera imbaraga za mekanike no kurwanya ubushyuhe

Ibisobanuro bigufi:

Iterambere rihoraho ry’inganda za pulasitiki risaba ibikoresho by’amabuye y’agaciro bigezweho bishobora kunoza imikorere y’ibicuruzwa icyarimwe, kugabanya ikiguzi cyo kubitunganya, no kwagura imipaka yo kubikoresha. Muri ibyo, ifu ya kaolini yahinduwe ku buso yagaragaye nk'inyongeramusaruro, ihindura ikorwa ry’ibicuruzwa bitandukanye bya pulasitiki birimo ibice bya polypropylene (PP) byakoreshejwe mu injection, filime za polyethylene (PE), na porofayi za polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Bitandukanye n’ibindi bitahinduwe, akenshi bigaragaza ko bidahuye neza na resin za pulasitiki, ifu ya kaolini yahinduwe ku buso ikoresha silane cyangwa titanate coupling agents kugira ngo ikore imigozi ikomeye ya chemical hamwe n’iminyururu ya polymer. Uku guhuza kw’urwego rwa molekile byongera cyane imbaraga za mekanike, gutuza kw’ubushyuhe, no gukwirakwira mu buryo bumwe muri matrices za pulasitiki, bigatuma iba ibikoresho by’ingenzi mu nganda za pulasitiki zigezweho.

Kongera imbaraga za mekanike

Ubushobozi bwo guhangana n’ingufu za mekanike ni ikintu kidasubirwaho ku bicuruzwa bya pulasitiki, cyane cyane ibikoreshwa mu nzego zisaba ingufu nyinshi nko mu buhanga bw’imodoka, ibikorwa remezo by’ubwubatsi, n’ibikoresho biramba. Ifu ya kaolin yahinduwe ku buso, ikunze kuba hagati ya mesh 1000 na 2000, ikora nk'igikoresho gikomeza imbaraga binyuze mu gushyiraho urusobe rw’imigozi ya mineral-polymer interfacial. Uru rusobe rworoshya ikwirakwizwa ry’imigozi ya mekanike mu gice cya pulasitiki, bikarinda ko ibintu bishobora gucika intege.

Mu nganda z'imodoka, aho kugabanya ibiro no kuba imiterere y'imodoka ari ingenzi cyane, kongeramo ifu ya kaolin yahinduwe ku buso kuva kuri 10% kugeza kuri 20% (ukurikije uburemere) mu bice by'imbere by'imodoka bya PP—nk'udusanduku tw'imashini n'imitako y'inzugi—byagaragaje iterambere ritangaje. Igeragezwa rikomeye ryakozwe n'ikigo gikomeye cy'Abadage gicuruza ibice by'imodoka ryagaragaje ko imbaraga zo gukurura ziyongeraho 25% kugeza kuri 35%, biva kuri 30 MPa bikagera kuri 37-40 MPa. Muri icyo gihe, modulus yo gukurura yagaragaye ko yazamutseho 40% kugeza kuri 50%, iva kuri 1500 MPa ikagera kuri 2100-2250 MPa. Izi ngaruka zituma abakora ibikoresho bagabanya ikoreshwa rya resin kugeza kuri 15%, bakagira uruhare mu kuzigama amafaranga menshi batabangamiye ireme ry'ibicuruzwa.

Ku bijyanye na filime z’ubuhinzi za PE, guhindura ubuso bwa kaolin bitanga ubushobozi bwo gukwirakwira neza, bikarinda ko uduce duto duhurirana dushobora gutera intege nke mu miterere y’ibimera. Filime zirimo 8%-12% by’iyi fu yahinduwe zagaragaje ko zirwanya ingaruka ku kigero cya 30%, ziyongera kuva kuri 8 kJ/m² zikagera kuri 10.4 kJ/m². Uku gukomera kurushaho bituma filime zishobora kwihanganira umuvuduko w’umuyaga kugeza kuri 18 m/s zidacika, bitanga uburinzi bwizewe ku nganda zitandukanye zirenze ubuhinzi.

Kongera imikorere y'ubushyuhe

Ubudahangarwa bw'ubushyuhe ni ikindi cyiza cy'ifu ya kaolin yahinduwe ku buso mu ikoreshwa rya pulasitiki. Ibikoresho byinshi bya pulasitiki bigezweho, birimo amashanyarazi, ibice byo munsi y'imodoka, n'ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi, bigomba kwihanganira ubushyuhe bwinshi bidatakaza agaciro. Ingano nyinshi ya alumina (kuva kuri 38%-42%) mu ifu ya kaolin, hamwe n'uburyo bwiza bwo guhindura ubuso, binoza cyane ubushyuhe bwo guhindura ubushyuhe (HDT) bw'ibinyabutabire bya pulasitiki.

Uruganda ruzwi cyane rwa PVC rwo mu Butaliyani rwakoresheje neza ifu ya kaolin yahinduwe ku buso mu gukora amadirishya, rugera ku kwiyongera gukomeye kwa HDT kuva kuri 70°C kugeza kuri 85°C. Uku kuvugurura uburyo ubushyuhe bushobora kwihanganira imiyoboro ya PVC igihe kirekire mu turere twa Mediterane nta guhindagurika cyangwa guhinduka. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, ku mazu y'amashanyarazi ya PP akoreramo ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga bitanga ubushyuhe, ifu ya kaolin yazamuye HDT kuva kuri 110°C kugeza kuri 130°C, ihura n'ibisabwa bikomeye by'ubushyuhe. Byongeye kandi, ifu igabanya ibibazo byo gushonga k'ubushyuhe; ibice bya PP birimo 15% by'ifu ya kaolin byagaragaje igipimo cyo gushonga cya 1.2%, ugereranije na 2.5% kuri PP idakomejwe, igenzura ko ingano nyayo y'ibipimo ikora neza mu gihe cyo kuyikora.

Uburyo bwo gukora n'ibisobanuro bya tekiniki

Gukora ifu ya kaolini yahinduwe ku buso bwa pulasitiki bisaba uburyo bubiri bwateguwe neza: gutunganya amabuye y'agaciro no kuyatunganya. Amabuye ya kaolini mabi akorerwamo ubuziranenge binyuze mu gutandukanya amabuye y'agaciro n'uburyo bwo kuyavanga kugira ngo akureho imyanda y'icyuma na titaniyumu, bishobora kwangiza imikorere y'ifu. Nyuma y'ibyo, amabuye asya ku bunini bw'uduce twifuzwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gusya bwumye hakoreshejwe imashini zitunganya umwuka, bigatuma habaho amanota kuva kuri meshi 1000 kugeza 2000.

Icyiciro cyo guhindura ubuso gikoresha imashini zivangavanga zikora ku muvuduko wa 1500-2000 rpm kugira ngo zifatanye neza n'uduce twa kaolin n'ibintu bihuza. Ibintu bihuza silane, nka KH-550, bikundwa cyane mu gukoresha PP na PE bitewe nuko bifitanye isano rikomeye na polimeri za polyolefin, mu gihe ibikoresho bihuza titanate nka TMC-101 bikwiriye cyane ibikoresho bya PVC. Igipimo cy'ibikoresho bihuza gigenzurwa neza kuri 0.5%-1.5% by'uburemere bw'ifu ya kaolin kugira ngo habeho ko ibice byose bitwikiriye nta bintu byinshi bishobora guhungabanya itunganywa rya pulasitiki. Nyuma yo guhindura, ifu ikonjeshwa kugeza ku bushyuhe bw'ikirere hanyuma igashungurwa kugira ngo ikurweho ibintu byose bivanze, bigatuma habaho umusaruro utemba neza kandi uhuye witeguye guhuzwa n'ibicuruzwa bya pulasitiki.

Ibipimo by'ingenzi bya tekiniki bigenga ubwiza bw'ifu ya kaolin yahinduwe ku buso bwa pulasitiki. Ingano y'uduce duto, dupimwe n'agaciro ka D50 ka 5-10 μm (mesh 1000) cyangwa 2-5 μm (mesh 2000), igira ingaruka zitaziguye ku gukwirakwira no gushimangira. Ubweru, bugaragazwa nk'agaciro ka L* ka ≥90%, butuma ubwiza buhuzwa mu mikoreshereze aho ibara ari ikintu. Kugenzura ubushuhe cyane (≤0.3%) birinda ibibazo nka hydrolysis mu gihe cyo gutunganya pulasitiki, mu gihe igipimo cyo gupfunyika cy'ibikoresho bihuza cya ≥95% gitanga icyizere cyo guhuza neza hagati y'ibice. Agaciro ko kwinjiza amavuta hagati ya 20-25 mL / 100g kagaragaza imiterere y'ifu yo gutosesha, bigira ingaruka ku bucucike bw'ibice n'imyitwarire yo gutunganya. Ibi bipimo bipimwa cyane hakoreshejwe ibikoresho bigezweho byo gusesengura, birimo isesengura rya laser particles size, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), na thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).

Ubuhanga mu by'Ubucuruzi n'Ubufasha mu bya Tekiniki

Ibikorwa remezo by'uruhererekane rw'ibicuruzwa bya kaolin yahinduwe ku buso byatunganyijwe kugira ngo bihuze n'imikorere yihuse y'inganda za pulasitiki. Uburyo bwo gupakira burimo imifuka y'impapuro ya kilogarama 25 ifite imigozi myinshi irimo imigozi irinda ivumbi no kwemeza ko ibicuruzwa ari byiza, ndetse n'imifuka ya kilogarama 1000 ifite amaboko yo gutwara ibintu kugira ngo ikoreshwe neza kandi ibikwe neza. Igihe cyo kohereza kiragenda cyoroshywa, aho abakiriya bo mu karere (urugero: ibicuruzwa biva mu Bushinwa bijya mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba bwa Aziya) babona ibyo batumije mu minsi 7-14, mu gihe ibyoherezwa mu mahanga (nk'ibyo mu Burayi) birangira mu minsi 21-30.

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Ibisobanuro birambuye ku gicuruzwa

Ibirango by'ibicuruzwa

Ibisobanuro by'igicuruzwa

Twakoresheje kaolini ikoze mu buryo bwa calcium, kaolini yogejwe, na metakaolini.
Kaolini ikoze mu ruganda, izwi kandi ku izina ry'ibumba rya porcelain, ifite umweru mwinshi, ubuziranenge bwinshi, plastike nziza, kandi ifite ingese ikomeye
Ubudahangarwa kandi buramba neza. Ni ibikoresho byiza cyane byo gukora ibumba na kabutike.

Ibisobanuro birambuye Amashusho

Akamaro kacu:
Turi uruganda rukora mu buryo butaziguye, dushobora gutanga ibicuruzwa byihuse, kandi dushobora gutanga tourmaline y'ingano iyo ari yo yose ifite ubuziranenge bwo hejuru.

Nanone nk'uruganda, dushobora kuzuza ibyo ukeneye byose, nk'ipaki yihariye, ikirango cyawe bwite, ibintu bisanzwe, ibara rishya rya mica, MSDS na TDS birahari n'ibindi.

Ibyiciro		Icyiciro cy'inganda	Icyuma Icyiciro	Ingano ya Ceramic	Igipimo cya fluorescence	Ikoranabuhanga Icyiciro	Hejuru Ubwiza
Ibikubiye muri byo bitari munsi ya (%)		93.0	96.0	98.0	99.0	99.8	99.99
Ibirimo umwanda ntibirenze (%)	Na			0.05	0.01	0.002
	K			0.05	0.01	0.002
	Ca
	Mg	0.5	0.1	0.05	0.05	0.02
	Si	1%	0.5	0.1	0.05	0.01	0.002
	SO4	0.5	0.1	0.05	0.03	0.01	0.005
	Fe	0.1	0.05	0.05	0.001	0.0005	0.0001
	Cl	0.1	0.1	0.05	0.05	0.01	0.001
	Al	0.1	0.1	0.05	0.02	0.002	0.001
	Cu	0.05	0.02	0.002	0.001	0.0005	0.0002
	Ibyuma bikomeye (Pb)	0.05	0.02	0.002	0.001	0.0005	0.0002

Gukoresha ibara rya fer oxide
1. Mu nganda z'ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi, ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gushushanya sima y'amabara, amatafari yo hasi ya sima y'amabara, amatafari ya sima y'amabara, amatafari y'ibishushanyo mbonera, amatafari yo hasi ya sima, sima y'amabara, asphalt y'amabara, terrazzo, amatafari ya mosaic, marble y'ubukorano n'ibishushanyo byo ku nkuta.
2. Ishobora gukoreshwa mu gusiga irangi no kurinda ibintu bitandukanye byo gusiga irangi, harimo n'imyambaro yo imbere n'inyuma yo ku nkuta, ifu yo gusiga irangi, nibindi. Ishobora kandi gukoreshwa mu bikoresho bitandukanye byo gusiga irangi n'imyambaro yo hejuru nka epoxy, alkyd, amino, nibindi mu marangi y'amavuta, ndetse no mu marangi y'ibikinisho, amarangi yo gushushanya, amarangi yo mu nzu, amarangi ya electrophoretic na enamel. Imashini yo gusiga irangi itukura ifite imikorere yo kurwanya ingese, ishobora gusimbura irangi ritukura ritukura rihenze cyane, uretse ibyuma bidafite feri.
Uruganda rutanga ibara ry'umutuku wa fer oxide, icyatsi kibisi cya fer oxide, ubururu bwa fer oxide, umuhondo wa fer oxide, ibara ry'umukara wa fer oxide, umukara wa fer oxide n'ibindi. Ibara ni ryuzuye, ingano ni nini kandi igabanyirizwa ni ryiza. Shyigikira ibyiciro bivanze. Murakaza neza guhamagara kugira ngo mugire inama.

Byongeye kandi, grafiti ni ibikoresho byo gusiga no kurwanya ingese mu birahure n'impapuro mu nganda z'umucyo, kandi ni ibikoresho by'ingenzi mu gukora amakaramu, wino, irangi ry'umukara, wino, diyama z'ubukorano na diyama. Ni ibikoresho byiza bizigama ingufu kandi birinda ibidukikije, byakoreshejwe nk'icyuma gikingira imodoka muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika. Bitewe n'iterambere rya siyansi n'ikoranabuhanga rigezweho n'inganda, urwego rwo gukoresha grafiti ruracyari kwaguka. Yabaye ibikoresho by'ingenzi by'ibikoresho bishya bivanze mu rwego rw'ikoranabuhanga rigezweho kandi igira uruhare runini mu bukungu bw'igihugu.