Ifu ya Bentonite ishobora gufatanya n'abandi, yongera imbaraga z'ibihumyo, kandi igatuma umusaruro uhora uhindagurika mu byuma bya ferrous.
Ibisobanuro bigufi:
Ifu ya Bentonite ni amabuye y'agaciro akomoka mu ibumba asanzwe akorwa binyuze mu ihinduka ry'ubutaka ry'ivu ry'ibirunga n'amabuye ya silicate, afite imiterere yihariye y'icyerekezo cya kristu ishyigikira imikorere yayo idasanzwe mu nganda, cyane cyane mu rwego rw'ubucukuzi bw'amabuye. Iyi fu nziza kandi yoroshye ifite imiterere isanzwe nko kwinjiza amazi menshi, ubushobozi butangaje bwo kubyimba, ubushobozi bwo gufatanya neza, ubushyuhe buhamye, no gukwirakwira mu buryo bumwe, byose bituma iba ibikoresho fatizo bidasimburwa mu bikorwa bya none by'ubucukuzi bw'amabuye. Ifu ya Bentonite ikora nk'igice cy'ingenzi cyo gufatanya mu buryo bw'umucanga wo gushushanya amabuye, ikora nk'umugongo uhuza uduce tw'umucanga hamwe kugira ngo habeho ibumba rikomeye kandi rijyanye n'ibipimo n'ingingo zo gushushanya ibyuma. Uruhare rwayo mu nganda z'ubucukuzi rurenze kure uburyo bwo gufatanya, rugira ingaruka kuri buri cyiciro cyo gukora ubucukuzi, kuva mu kuvanga umucanga no gushushanya ibumba kugeza ku gusukwa kw'icyuma gishongeshejwe, gukomera, no guhindagurika, bigira ingaruka zitaziguye ku bwiza bw'ubucukuzi burangiye, imikorere myiza, n'ikiguzi rusange cy'imikorere y'inganda z'ubucukuzi ku isi yose.
Mu nganda zikora ubwubatsi, ifu ya bentonite ikoreshwa cyane mu gushushanya umucanga w’icyatsi kibisi, uburyo bwo gushushanya bukoreshwa cyane mu nganda ku isi, bwifashishwa mu gukora ubwoko bwinshi bw’ibyuma bicukurwamo feri n’ibitari feri. Umucanga w’icyatsi kibisi, ugizwe ahanini n’umucanga wa silica, ifu ya bentonite, amazi, n’ibindi bikoresho bito by’inyongera, bishingiye gusa ku ifu ya bentonite kugira ngo habeho isano hagati y’uduce tw’umucanga. Iyo ifu ya bentonite ivanzwe n’amazi, imiterere yayo iri hagati y’utundi duce irabyimba cyane, igakora agace gato gafatana gatwikira buri gice cy’umucanga kandi kakawuhuza mu buryo bufatanye. Ubu buryo bwo guhuza burahinduka kandi buroroshye, butuma uruvange rw’umucanga w’icyatsi kibisi rushobora guhindurwa byoroshye mu buryo bugoye, rugahuzwa neza, kandi rugakomeza kuba rwiza mu gihe cyo gukoresha, gutwara, no mu gihe cyo gusuka icyuma gishongeshejwe. Hatabayeho ifu ya bentonite, gushushanya umucanga w’icyatsi kibisi ntibyashoboka, kuko umucanga udafite ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira ubushyuhe n’umuvuduko w’icyuma gishongeshejwe, bigatera gusenyuka kw’ibihumyo, inenge, no gukora nabi kw’umusaruro.
Imikorere yo gufatanya ifu ya bentonite igena neza imbaraga z'icyatsi kibisi z'ibumba, ikintu cy'ingenzi kigaragaza ubushobozi bw'ibumba mu kugumana ishusho yaryo no kurwanya guhinduka mu gihe cyo gukoresha intoki n'imashini. Ifu ya bentonite nziza cyane ikora isano ikomeye ariko ishoboka hagati y'uduce tw'umucanga, igenzura ko ibumba ritavunika, ritacika, cyangwa ngo ritakaze imiterere yaryo iyo rivanywe mu duce two gushushanya rijya mu mirongo yo gusukamo, cyangwa iyo rishyizwe mu macupa yo gucukura. Ubu bunini bukomeye bw'icyatsi kibisi ni ingenzi ku nganda nto zikora intoki n'imirongo minini ikora ikoranabuhanga, aho ubuziranenge bw'ibumba buhamye ari ingenzi kugira ngo bigabanye ihungabana ry'umusaruro no kwangwa. Ifu ya bentonite ifite ubushobozi bwo kubyimba no gufatanya neza ituma n'ibumba rikomeye rifite ibice bito, umwobo munini, n'imiterere yoroshye igumana imiterere yaryo neza, bigatuma habaho ibumba rikomeye rikoreshwa mu bijyanye n'imodoka, imashini, ubwubatsi, n'inganda.
Uretse imbaraga z'icyatsi kibisi, ifu ya bentonite igira uruhare runini mu mbaraga z'ubushyuhe bw'ibumba, ikintu cy'ingenzi gituma ibumba rishobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe bukabije bw'icyuma gishongeshejwe kitavunitse cyangwa ngo gihinduke. Iyo icyuma gishongeshejwe, icyuma, cyangwa ibyuma bitari feri nka aluminiyumu n'umuringa bisutswe mu ibumba, ubushyuhe bwinshi buhita buhindura ubushyuhe mu mucanga w'icyatsi kibisi kandi bigatera impinduka mu bushyuhe mu gikoresho gifunga ifu ya bentonite. Ifu ya bentonite yo mu rwego rwo hejuru igumana imiterere yayo muri ubu bushyuhe bukabije, ikarinda urukuta rw'ibumba gusenyuka, kwangirika, cyangwa kwangirika uko icyuma gishongeshejwe cyuzuza umwobo w'ibumba kandi kigakomera. Ubu bushyuhe butuma ibumba rigumana imiterere n'ingano nyayo by'ibumba, bigakuraho inenge nko kwinjira mu cyuma, imicanga, no kwangirika kw'ibipimo byatuma ibumba ridashobora gukoreshwa. Ibyuma bishongeshejwe byishingikiriza ku ifu ya bentonite kugira ngo bitange imbaraga zishyushye mu buryo buhoraho mu nzira zose zo gushongesha, bikareba ko buri gice cyujuje ibisabwa bikomeye n'ubuziranenge.
Indi miterere y'ingenzi y'ifu ya bentonite mu ikoreshwa ry'ubucukuzi bw'amabuye ni uburyo bwayo bworoshye bwo gushonga, byoroshya inzira yo gushonga nyuma yo gushonga kandi bikagabanya ubusaza bw'abakozi n'ibikoresho. Nyuma y'uko icyuma gishongeshejwe gikomera kandi kigakonja kugeza ku bushyuhe bushoboka, ifu y'umucanga ifatanye igomba gucibwamo ibice kugira ngo ikuremo ifu irangiye, maze umucanga wongere usubizwemo. Imiterere yo gufatanya kw'ifu ya bentonite iragabanuka uko ifu ikonje, bigatuma umucanga ucika byoroshye bitewe n'ihindagurika ry'imashini cyangwa ingaruka mu gihe cyo gushonga, bidasize ibisigazwa by'umucanga bikomeye kandi bikomeye bifatanye n'ubuso bw'ubucukuzi. Uku gushonga gukomeye ntikwihutisha umusaruro gusa binyuze mu kugabanya igihe gikoreshwa mu gushonga ahubwo binagabanya kwangirika kw'ibicukurwa mu gihe cyo gushonga, nko gushwanyagurika, gupfuka, cyangwa impande zavunitse. Byongeye kandi, ifu ya bentonite yorohereza kongera gukusanya umucanga neza, kuko umucanga wavunitse ushobora gupimwa byoroshye, gusukurwa, no kongera kuvangwa n'ifu nshya ya bentonite n'amazi, kugabanya imyanda y'ibikoresho fatizo no kugabanya ikiguzi gihoraho cyo gukora ku bacukuzi b'ingano zose.
Ifu ya Bentonite kandi igira uruhare runini mu kunoza imiterere y'ibice by'icyuma gikozwe mu cyuma, iki gipimo cy'ingenzi kigaragaza imiterere ikwiye y'ibice bikozwe mu cyuma gi ...
Mu gukora ibice by'umusenyi, bikoreshwa mu gukora imyobo y'imbere, imyobo, n'imiterere y'imbere mu byuma bicukurwamo, ifu ya bentonite ikora nk'ikintu cyizewe cyo gufatanya n'ibivange by'umusenyi w'imbere. Ibice by'umusenyi bihura n'ibihe bigoye cyane kurusha ibimera byo hanze, kuko bikikijwe n'icyuma gishongeshejwe kandi bigahura n'ubushyuhe bwinshi igihe kirekire mu gihe cyo gucukurwamo. Ifu ya bentonite itanga imbaraga zikenewe n'ubushyuhe buhagije ku bice by'umusenyi, bikarinda guhinduka, kuvunika, cyangwa gusenyuka mu gihe cyo gusuka icyuma no gukomera. Ibi byemeza ko imiterere y'imbere mu byuma bicukurwamo ikorwa neza, ifite ingano zihamye n'ubuso bworoshye bw'imbere. Ibivange by'umusenyi w'imbere bishingiye ku ifu ya bentonite biroroshye gutegura, gushushanya no guteka, bitanga ubundi buryo buhendutse bwo gusimbura ibice by'umusenyi bicukurwamo resin mu bikorwa byinshi bisanzwe byo gucukurwamo, bigatuma biba ingenzi mu byuma bito bicukurwamo no mu byuma binini bicukurwamo.
Kuba ifu ya bentonite ishobora guhinduka bituma ikoreshwa mu buryo bwose bwo gucukura ibyuma mu nganda zikora ubwubatsi, itwikira ibyuma bya fer nk'icyuma cy'umukara, icyuma gikozwe mu cyuma, n'icyuma cya karuboni, ndetse n'ibyuma bitarimo feri birimo aluminiyumu, umuringa, n'umuringa. Buri bwoko bw'icyuma bukenera imiterere yihariye y'ibihumyo, kandi ifu ya bentonite ishobora guhindurwa kugira ngo ihuze n'ibyo byifuzo byihariye binyuze mu guhindura igipimo cyo kuvanga n'umucanga n'amazi, cyangwa hakoreshejwe ifu ya bentonite yatunganyijwe byihariye. Ku gucukura icyuma, bisaba ubushyuhe bwinshi cyane bw'icyuma gishongeshejwe, ifu ya bentonite itanga imbaraga zidasanzwe zo gushyuha no kudahungabana k'ubushyuhe kugira ngo hirindwe ko ibihumyo byangirika. Ku gucukura aluminium n'ibindi byuma bitarimo feri, ifu ya bentonite itanga ubuso bworoshye bw'ibihumyo kandi ikanasenyuka neza, bigatuma ibihumyo biba byiza kandi bidafite inenge kandi bifite ubuso bwiza. Ubu buryo bworoshye bukuraho gukenera ibikoresho byinshi byihariye byo gufatanya, byoroshya imicungire y'ibikoresho fatizo by'ububatsi kandi bikagabanya imikorere mibi.
Ifu ya bentonite ikoreshwa mu byiciro bitandukanye itunganywa kugira ngo ihuze n'ibikenewe bitandukanye by'inganda z'ubudozi ku isi, buri cyiciro cyakozwe kugira ngo gitange imikorere yihariye ku bikorwa bitandukanye byo gucukura. Ifu ya sodium bentonite, ikoreshwa cyane mu budozi, itanga ubushobozi bwo kubyimba, imbaraga zo gufatanya, no kudahungabana k'ubushyuhe, bigatuma iba nziza cyane mu bikorwa byo gucukura ibyuma bishyushye cyane kandi bikonjesha. Imiterere yayo ikomeye yo gufata amazi no gufatanya ituma ikomera kandi ikora neza, ndetse no mu miterere minini y'ubudozi bwikora. Ifu ya calcium bentonite, nubwo ifite ubushobozi bwo kubyimba buke, itanga imikorere myiza yo gufatanya no gukoresha neza amafaranga, bigatuma ikoreshwa mu budozi buke, gucukura ibyuma bidakoresha feri, no mu bikorwa aho kudasaba imbaraga nyinshi zo guhangana n'ubushyuhe bwinshi. Ifu ya bentonite ikora, itunganywa kugira ngo yongere ubushobozi bwayo bwo gufatanya no kubyimba, itanga imikorere myiza yo gucukura neza, gucukura mu nkuta nto, no gukora ibice bigoye, aho ubwiza bw'ubudozi n'ubuziranenge bwo gucukura ari ingenzi cyane.
Gutunganya no kugenzura ubuziranenge bw'ifu ya bentonite yo gukoresha mu byuma bicukurwa mu buryo bukomeye, bikerekana ko yujuje ibisabwa kugira ngo habeho umusaruro uhoraho wo gucukurwa. Ubutare bwa bentonite budakozwe mu mabuye y'agaciro yatoranijwe neza, hanyuma bukavunjwa, bugahindurwamo ifu nziza, hanyuma bugasukurwa kugira ngo haveho imyanda nk'amabuye y'agaciro, ibintu bikomoka ku bimera, n'ibindi bintu bishobora kwangiza ubushobozi bwayo bwo gufatana. Ingano y'uduce twa bentonite icungwa neza, kuko uduce duto twerekana ko dukwirakwira neza mu mucanga, ko uduce tw'umucanga dukwirakwira neza, kandi ko uduce tw'umucanga dukwirakwira neza, kandi ko dukomera cyane. Hanyuma ifu ya bentonite isukuye igeragezwa kugira ngo harebwe imiterere y'ingenzi irimo kubyimba, ubushobozi bwo gufatana, ubushuhe, n'ubushyuhe buhamye, aho uduce twujuje ibisabwa by'ubuziranenge byemejwe gukoreshwa mu byuma bicukurwa mu mabuye. Uku kugenzura ubuziranenge gukomeye kwemeza ko buri gace ka bentonite gatanga imikorere ihoraho, bigatuma ibigo bicukurwa mu mabuye bikomeza gukora neza no kugabanya inenge zo gucukurwa.
Gufata neza ifu ya bentonite no kuyibika neza ni ingenzi kugira ngo ikomeze gukora neza mu ikoreshwa ry’ubudozi, kuko kwanduzwa n’ubushuhe no kwangirika kw’umubiri bishobora kwangiza ubushobozi bwayo bwo kubyimba no gufatana. Ifu ya bentonite igomba kubikwa mu bubiko bwumye kandi bufite umwuka mwiza, igapfundikirwa mu ipaki idahura n’ubushuhe kugira ngo hirindwe ko yahura n’ubushuhe, imvura n’amazi yameneka. Gufata ubushuhe bwinshi bituma ifu ya bentonite igwa, bigagabanya uburyo bwo gukwirakwira kwayo mu mucanga no kugabanya imbaraga z’ibihumyo. Mu gihe cyo kuyitwara, ifu ya bentonite igomba kurindwa kwangirika kw’umubiri ku ipaki, ikagenzura ko ifu ikomeza gutemba neza kandi yoroshye kuvanga. Ubusanzwe abakora ubwubatsi babitsa ifu ya bentonite mu buryo bugenzurwa hafi y’aho ikoreshwa, bigatuma igera vuba kandi ikabungabunga ubwiza bwayo kugeza igihe ikoreshejwe. Gukurikiza amabwiriza akwiye yo kubika bituma ifu ya bentonite igumana imikorere yayo yose, igatanga ubushobozi bwo gufatana neza igihe cyose ivanzwe mu mucanga.
Kuvanga ifu ya bentonite n'umucanga wa silica, amazi, n'ibindi bikoresho ni intambwe ikomeye mu mikorere y'ubucukuzi bw'amabuye, bigira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye ku bwiza bw'umucanga w'icyatsi kibisi ndetse n'umusaruro ukurikiraho wo gucukura. Ifu ya bentonite igomba kuvangwa neza n'umucanga wumye mbere na mbere kugira ngo ikwirakwizwe neza, hagakurikiraho kongeramo amazi buhoro buhoro kugira ngo ifu irusheho kubyimba no gufatana. Kuvanga cyane cyangwa kuvanga cyane bishobora gutuma ifu ikomera nabi, aho ifu ya bentonite idahuye neza idafatana neza n'uduce tw'umucanga, kandi kuvanga cyane bigatera gufungana cyane no kugabanuka kw'ingufu. Inganda zigezweho zikoresha uburyo bwo kuvanga umucanga bwikora kugira ngo zigenzure neza igihe cyo kuvanga, umuvuduko, n'ibipimo by'ibikoresho, zinoze imikorere y'ifu ya bentonite kandi zigatanga imitsi y'icyatsi kibisi ihoraho.
Muri make, ifu ya bentonite ni inkingi y'ingenzi mu nganda z'ubucukuzi ku isi, ikaba ari yo ikoreshwa mu gufatanya mu gushushanya umucanga w'icyatsi kibisi no gutuma habaho gukora neza kandi ku giciro gito kw'ibyuma bicukurwa mu cyuma cyiza. Uruvange rwayo rwihariye rw'ubushobozi bukomeye bwo gufatanya, ubushobozi bwiza bwo kubyimba, ubushyuhe buhamye, ubushobozi bwo kwinjira neza mu kirere, no gushonga neza bituma ihura n'ibikenewe cyane mu gushushanya ibyuma bicukurwa mu cyuma bidafite feri. Kuva ku nganda nto zikora ibikoresho by'ubukorikori kugeza ku nganda nini zikora ibikoresho byikora, ifu ya bentonite igira uruhare runini mu gushyiraho buri cyiciro cy'ibikorwa byo gushushanya, igira ingaruka ku ireme ry'ifu, umusaruro uhagije, no kuramba kw'imikorere.
Ibumba rikora ni ikintu gikoreshwa mu ibumba (cyane cyane bentonite) nk'ibikoresho fatizo, gitunganywa na aside idakomoka ku bimera, hanyuma kikanyuzwa n'amazi. Ni ifu y'umweru w'amata mu buryo busa, nta mpumuro, nta buryohe, ntabwo ari uburozi, gifite ubushobozi bukomeye bwo kuyungurura, kandi gishobora kwinjiza ibintu bifite amabara n'ibinyabuzima. Biroroshye kwinjiza ubushuhe mu kirere. Iyo rishyizwe kure cyane, ubushobozi bwaryo bwo kuyungurura buragabanuka. Ariko, iyo rishyushye hejuru ya 300 ℃, amazi ya kristu aratakara, ibi bizahindura imiterere kandi bigira ingaruka ku kugabanuka. Ibumba rikora ntirishongera mu mazi, mu bintu bishongesha ibinyabuzima n'amavuta atandukanye, hafi ya yose ashongera mu soda na aside hydrochloric, afite ubucucike bwa 2.3-2.5, na bentonite nke mu mazi no mu mavuta.
Imiterere y'ibumba ryakozwe
1. Ifite ibyiza byo kwinjizwa cyane mu mazi, kwihuta cyane mu guhindura ibara, kwihuta mu gutwara amavuta, kwihuta mu kuyungurura no kongeramo make;
2. Ishobora gukuraho neza phospholipide yose, isabune n'iy'icyuma gito by'amavuta kandi ishobora gukoreshwa nk'umuti urwanya indwara karemano;
3. Ishobora gukuraho uburozi buhumanya, ibisigazwa by’imiti yica udukoko n’ubundi burozi n’impumuro idasanzwe mu mavuta;
4. Nyuma yo guhindura ibara, aside y'amavuta ntiyongera, ntigaruka ku ibara, irasobanutse kandi ibonerana, kandi ifite ubwiza buhamye kandi imara igihe kirekire.
5. Ikwiriye cyane cyane mu gutunganya no gukora amavuta y'ubutare, amavuta y'ibimera n'amavuta y'inyamaswa.
Ibara ry'ibumba ryakozwe
1. Ubutaka bwo gukaraba bukozwe mu ibumba ry’amabuye y’agaciro adasanzwe kandi adakoresha icyuma nk’ibikoresho by’ingenzi, byongewemo formula ya siyansi kandi bigatunganywa hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga ryihariye ryo gutunganya. Bugaragara nk’ifu y’umweru w’ikijuju cyangwa umuhondo woroshye, ikaba ari uburyo bwiza bwo gusimbura karubone ikora.
2. Ubutaka bwo gukaraba bufite ubushobozi bwinshi bwo gukuraho ibara, ubushobozi bwo gukuraho ibara neza, ubushobozi bwo gukaraba no gutunganya neza, ndetse n'ubushobozi bwo gukuraho ibara n'imyanda.
3. Ubutaka bwo gukaraba bufite ubushobozi bwo gukoresha neza, kandi biroroshye cyane kandi bifite umutekano wo kubukoresha, hatabayeho guhindura uburyo bwo gukora bwa mbere bw'ikigo gitunganya.
4. Agace k'urufunguzo kayunguruwe hakoreshejwe ubutaka buhindura ibara ry'uruhu gashobora kongera gukoreshwa nta kwanduza ibidukikije.
5. Ubutaka bwo gushonga bufite umuvuduko mwinshi wo guhindura ibara, umuvuduko muto wo gutwara amavuta, umuvuduko wihuse wo kuyungurura n'umuvuduko muto wa aside idafite.
Pake
Andika ubutumwa bwawe hano hanyuma ubwoherereze
