Nk’uko bivugwa na SmarTech, ikigo gitanga ubujyanama mu ikoranabuhanga mu nganda, indege ni uruganda rwa kabiri runini rukorerwamo n’inganda zikora inyongeramusaruro (AM), rukaba ari urwa kabiri nyuma y’ubuvuzi. Ariko, haracyari ukudasobanukirwa neza ubushobozi bwo gukora inyongeramusaruro z’ibikoresho bya ceramic mu gukora vuba ibice by’indege, kwiyongera kw’ubushobozi bwo koroshya no gukoresha neza amafaranga. AM ishobora gukora ibice bikomeye kandi byoroheje bya ceramic vuba kandi mu buryo burambye, ikagabanya ikiguzi cy’abakozi, ikagabanya guteranya intoki, kandi ikanoza imikorere n’imikorere binyuze mu gishushanyo cyakozwe hakoreshejwe ibishushanyo, bityo ikagabanya uburemere bw’indege. Byongeye kandi, ikoranabuhanga rya ceramic mu gukora inyongeramusaruro ritanga uburyo bwo kugenzura ibice byarangiye ku bintu bito birengeje mikoroni 100.
Ariko, ijambo "ceramic" rishobora gutuma habaho imyumvire idahwitse yo kudakomera. Mu by’ukuri, "ceramic" zikorwa mu buryo bw'inyongera zitanga ibice byoroheje kandi byoroshye bifite imbaraga nyinshi, gukomera, no guhangana n'ubushyuhe bwinshi. Amasosiyete areba imbere arimo gukoresha ibice bikorerwa mu buryo bwa "ceramic", birimo "nozzles" na "propellers", "insulators" z'amashanyarazi n'ibyuma bya "turbine".
Urugero, alumina ifite ubukana bwinshi, kandi irwanya ingese cyane ndetse n'ubushyuhe bwinshi. Ibice bikozwe muri alumina nabyo bikingira ubushyuhe mu buryo bw'amashanyarazi ku bushyuhe bwinshi busanzwe mu byuma by'indege.
Ibumba rishingiye kuri Zirconia rishobora gukoresha ibintu byinshi hamwe n’ibikenewe cyane mu bikoresho no mu buryo bukomeye bwo gukanika, nko gushushanya ibyuma byo mu rwego rwo hejuru, valves na bearing. Ibumba rya Silicon nitride rifite imbaraga nyinshi, gukomera cyane no kurwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi, ndetse rikanarwanya kwangirika kw’aside zitandukanye, alkali n’ibyuma bishongeshejwe. Silicon nitride ikoreshwa mu gukingira, impellers, na antene zikoresha dielectric nkeya mu bushyuhe bwinshi.
Ibumba rigizwe n'ibice byinshi bitanga ubwiza bwinshi bwiza. Ibumba rikozwe muri silikoni ryongewemo alumina na zircon byagaragaye ko rikora neza mu gukora ibumba rimwe rya kristu rikoreshwa mu byuma bya turbine. Ibi biterwa nuko igice cy'imbere cya ceramic gikozwe muri iki gikoresho gifite ubushyuhe buke cyane kugeza kuri 1,500°C, gifite imyenge myinshi, gifite ubwiza bwiza bw'ubuso kandi gishobora gusohoka neza. Gucapa izi ngingo bishobora gukora imiterere ya turbine ishobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe bwinshi bw'imikorere no kongera imikorere myiza ya moteri.
Birazwi neza ko gushushanya cyangwa gutunganya ibumba mu buryo bw'imashini bigoranye cyane, kandi gutunganya bitanga uburenganzira buke ku bice birimo gukorwa. Ibintu nk'inkuta nto na byo biragoye kubitunganya.
Ariko, Lithoz ikoresha uburyo bwo gukora ibumba bushingiye kuri lithography (LCM) kugira ngo ikore ibice bya bumba bifite ishusho ya 3D kandi igoye.
Guhera kuri moderi ya CAD, ibisobanuro birambuye byoherezwa kuri printer ya 3D mu buryo bw'ikoranabuhanga. Hanyuma shyira ifu ya ceramic yakozwe neza hejuru y'igikoni gitanga urumuri. Urubuga rw'ubwubatsi rwimukanwa rwinjizwa mu byondo hanyuma rushyirwa ku mucyo ugaragara uturutse hasi. Ishusho y'urwego ikorwa n'igikoresho cya digitale micro-mirror (DMD) gihujwe na sisitemu yo kwerekana. Mu gusubiramo ubu buryo, igice cy'icyatsi gifite imiterere itatu gishobora gukorwa urwego ku rundi. Nyuma yo gusukurwa n'ubushyuhe, agakoresho ko gufunga karakurwaho hanyuma ibice by'icyatsi bigashyirwa hamwe n'uburyo bwihariye bwo gushyushya - kugira ngo hakorwe igice cy'icyuma gifite imiterere myiza ya mekanike n'ubwiza bw'ubuso.
Ikoranabuhanga rya LCM ritanga uburyo bushya, buhendutse kandi bwihuse bwo gushora imari mu gucura ibice bya moteri ya turbine, birenga ku gukora ibumba rihenze kandi rigoye risabwa mu gucura inshinge no gucura ishashi byatakaye.
LCM ishobora kandi kugera ku bishushanyo mbonera bitagerwaho hakoreshejwe ubundi buryo, mu gihe ikoresha ibikoresho fatizo bike cyane ugereranyije n'ubundi buryo.
Nubwo ibikoresho bya ceramic n'ikoranabuhanga rya LCM bifite ubushobozi bwinshi, haracyari icyuho hagati y'abakora ibikoresho bya AM original (OEM) n'abashushanya iby'indege.
Impamvu imwe ishobora kuba ukurwanya uburyo bushya bwo gukora mu nganda zifite ibisabwa cyane cyane mu mutekano no mu bwiza. Gukora mu kirere bisaba inzira nyinshi zo kugenzura no kwemeza, ndetse no gupima neza kandi mu buryo bunonosoye.
Indi mbogamizi irimo kwizera ko gucapa mu buryo bwa 3D ahanini bikwiye gukoreshwa mu gushushanya byihuse inshuro imwe gusa, aho gukoresha ikintu cyose gishobora gukoreshwa mu kirere. Na none, ibi ni ukutumvikana, kandi ibice bya ceramic byacapwe mu buryo bwa 3D byagaragaye ko bikoreshwa mu gukora ibintu byinshi.
Urugero ni ikorwa ry'ibyuma bya turbine, aho uburyo bwa AM ceramic bukora ibice bya kristu imwe (SX), ndetse n'ibyuma bya turbine bikonjesha mu cyerekezo (DS) na equiaxed casting (EX). Ibice bya turbine bifite imiterere y'amashami akomeye, inkuta nyinshi n'inkombe zikurikiraho ziri munsi ya 200μm bishobora gukorwa vuba kandi mu buryo buhendutse, kandi ibice bya nyuma bifite imiterere ihamye kandi irabagirana neza.
Kongera itumanaho bishobora guhuza abashushanya iby’indege n’ibikoresho bya AM OEM kandi bikizera byimazeyo ibice bya ceramic byakozwe hakoreshejwe LCM n’izindi koranabuhanga. Ikoranabuhanga n’ubuhanga birahari. Bigomba guhindura uburyo bwo gutekereza kuva kuri AM ku bushakashatsi n’iterambere n’ibishushanyo mbonera, kandi bikabibona nk’inzira y’iterambere ku bikorwa binini by’ubucuruzi.
Uretse uburezi, amasosiyete y’indege ashobora no gushora igihe mu bakozi, mu buhanga, no mu isuzuma. Abakora bagomba kuba bazi amahame n’uburyo butandukanye bwo gusuzuma ibumba, atari ibyuma. Urugero, amahame abiri y’ingenzi ya Lithoz ku ibumba ry’imiterere ni ASTM C1161 yo gupima imbaraga na ASTM C1421 yo gupima ubukomere. Aya mahame akoreshwa ku ibumba rikorwa n’uburyo bwose. Mu gukora ibumba ry’inyongera, intambwe yo gucapa ni uburyo bwo gushushanya gusa, kandi ibice binyura mu buryo bumwe bwo gusya nk’ibumba risanzwe. Kubwibyo, imiterere y’ibice bya ibumba izaba isa cyane n’imashini zisanzwe.
Dushingiye ku iterambere rihoraho ry’ibikoresho n’ikoranabuhanga, dushobora kuvuga tudashidikanya ko abashushanya bazabona amakuru menshi. Ibikoresho bishya bya ceramic bizakorwa kandi bigahindurwa hakurikijwe ibyo ikoranabuhanga rikeneye. Ibice bikozwe muri ceramic za AM bizarangiza inzira yo kwemeza ko bikoreshwa mu kirere. Kandi bizatanga ibikoresho byiza byo gushushanya, nka porogaramu nziza yo kwerekana ibishushanyo.
Mu gukorana n'inzobere mu bya tekiniki bya LCM, amasosiyete y’indege ashobora gutangiza ibikorwa bya AM ceramic imbere mu gihugu - bikagabanya igihe, bikagabanya ikiguzi, kandi bigatanga amahirwe yo guteza imbere umutungo bwite w’ubwenge w’isosiyete. Binyuze mu kureba kure no gutegura igihe kirekire, amasosiyete y’indege ashora imari mu ikoranabuhanga rya ceramic ashobora kubona inyungu zikomeye mu musaruro wayo wose mu myaka icumi iri imbere no mu yindi itaha.
Mu gushyiraho ubufatanye na AM Ceramics, abakora ibikoresho by’umwimerere mu by’indege bazakora ibintu bitari byitezwe mbere.
About the author: Shawn Allan is the vice president of additive manufacturing expert Lithoz. You can contact him at sallan@lithoz-america.com.
Shawn Allan azavuga ku ngorane zo kugaragaza neza ibyiza byo gukora inyongeramusaruro za ceramic mu imurikagurisha rya Ceramics Expo i Cleveland, muri Ohio ku ya 1 Nzeri 2021.
Nubwo iterambere rya sisitemu zo gutwara ibintu mu kirere zikoresha imbaraga nyinshi rimaze imyaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo, ubu ryabaye ikintu cy'ingenzi mu ngabo z'igihugu za Amerika, rituma uru rwego ruzamuka cyane kandi ruhinduka. Nk'urwego rwihariye rw'amasomo menshi, ikibazo ni ukubona impuguke zifite ubumenyi bukenewe kugira ngo ziteze imbere iterambere ryarwo. Ariko, iyo impuguke zidafite bihagije, bitera icyuho mu guhanga udushya, nko gushyira igishushanyo mbonera cy'ubushobozi bwo gukora (DFM) mbere na mbere mu cyiciro cy'ubushakashatsi n'iterambere, hanyuma bigahinduka icyuho mu nganda iyo bitinze cyane kugira ngo habeho impinduka zihendutse.
Amashyirahamwe, nka Kaminuza Ihuriro ry’Abahanga mu by’Ubu ...
Nubwo UCAH n'andi mashyirahamwe y'ingabo yemereye abanyamuryango gukora imirimo itandukanye y'ubwubatsi, hagomba gukorwa byinshi kugira ngo hakorwe impano zitandukanye kandi z'uburambe, kuva ku gushushanya kugeza ku guteza imbere ibikoresho no guhitamo kugeza ku bigo bitunganya ibintu.
Kugira ngo habeho agaciro karambye muri urwo rwego, ihuriro rya za kaminuza rigomba gushyira imbere iterambere ry’abakozi binyuze mu guhuza n’ibikenewe mu nganda, abanyamuryango bagashyirwa mu bikorwa ubushakashatsi bujyanye n’inganda, no gushora imari muri iyo gahunda.
Iyo duhinduye ikoranabuhanga rikoresha imbaraga nyinshi mu gukora imishinga minini, icyuho cy’ubuhanga mu by’ubwubatsi n’inganda ni cyo kibazo gikomeye. Niba ubushakashatsi bwa mbere budashoboye kurenga iki kibaya cy’urupfu—icyuho kiri hagati y’ubushakashatsi n’iterambere n’inganda, kandi imishinga myinshi ikomeye yarananiranye—ubwo tuba twatakaje igisubizo gifatika kandi gishoboka.
Inganda zikora inganda zo muri Amerika zishobora kwihutisha umuvuduko wa supersonic, ariko ibyago byo gusubira inyuma ni ukwagura umubare w'abakozi kugira ngo bahuze. Kubwibyo, guverinoma n'ibigo by'iterambere bya kaminuza bagomba gufatanya n'inganda kugira ngo bashyire mu bikorwa izi gahunda.
Inganda zahuye n'ibibazo by'ubuhanga kuva mu bigo by'inganda kugeza muri laboratwari z'ubwubatsi - ibi bizagenda byiyongera uko isoko ry'ikoranabuhanga rigenda rikura. Ikoranabuhanga riri kuzamuka risaba abakozi bashya kugira ngo bongere ubumenyi muri urwo rwego.
Akazi ka Hypersonic gafite ibice byinshi by'ingenzi by'ibikoresho n'imiterere itandukanye, kandi buri gace gafite imbogamizi zako bwite mu bya tekiniki. Bisaba ubumenyi buhanitse, kandi niba nta buhanga bukenewe, ibi bishobora guteza inzitizi mu iterambere no mu musaruro. Niba tudafite abantu bahagije bo gukomeza akazi, ntibizashoboka gukomeza kwifuza umusaruro wihuta cyane.
Urugero, dukeneye abantu bashobora kubaka umusaruro wa nyuma. UCAH n'andi mashyirahamwe ni ingenzi mu guteza imbere inganda zigezweho no kwemeza ko abanyeshuri bashishikajwe n'uruhare rw'inganda bashyirwamo. Binyuze mu bikorwa bitandukanye byo guteza imbere abakozi, inganda zizashobora gukomeza kugira amahirwe yo guhangana muri gahunda z'ingendo zidasanzwe mu myaka mike iri imbere.
Mu gushyiraho UCAH, Minisiteri y’Ingabo irimo guha amahirwe yo gukoresha uburyo bwibanda cyane mu kubaka ubushobozi muri uru rwego. Abanyamuryango bose b’ishyirahamwe bagomba gukorera hamwe mu guhugura ubushobozi bw’abanyeshuri kugira ngo tubashe kubaka no gukomeza umuvuduko w’ubushakashatsi no kubugura kugira ngo butange umusaruro igihugu cyacu gikeneye.
Ihuriro rya NASA Advanced Composites Alliance rimaze gufungwa ubu ni urugero rw'ibikorwa byiza byo guteza imbere abakozi. Ingufu zaryo ni umusaruro wo guhuza akazi k'ubushakashatsi n'iterambere n'inyungu z'inganda, bituma udushya twaguka mu iterambere ry'inganda. Abayobozi b'inganda bakoranye na NASA na za kaminuza mu buryo butaziguye mu myaka ibiri kugeza kuri ine. Abanyamuryango bose bakuyemo ubumenyi n'uburambe mu by'umwuga, bize gukorana mu buryo budahuza, kandi barera abanyeshuri ba kaminuza kugira ngo batere imbere kugira ngo batere imbere abakinnyi b'ingenzi mu nganda mu gihe kizaza.
Ubwo bwoko bw'iterambere ry'abakozi bwuzuza icyuho mu nganda kandi bugaha amahirwe amasosiyete mato yo guhanga udushya vuba no gukwirakwiza urwego kugira ngo agere ku iterambere rirambye rijyanye n'umutekano w'igihugu cya Amerika n'ubukungu.
Amashyirahamwe ya kaminuza arimo UCAH ni ingenzi mu rwego rw’ubuhanga mu by’ubuhanga mu by’ubuhanga mu by’ubuhanga mu by’ubwubatsi no mu by’ingabo. Nubwo ubushakashatsi bwabo bwateje imbere udushya twinshi, agaciro kabo gakomeye kari mu bushobozi bwabo bwo guhugura abakozi bacu bo mu gisekuru gitaha. Ubu urugaga rugomba gushyira imbere ishoramari muri iyo gahunda. Babikoze, bashobora gufasha mu guteza imbere intsinzi irambye y’udushya mu by’ubuhanga mu by’ubuhanga mu by’ubwubatsi.
About the author: Kim Caldwell leads Spirit AeroSystems’ R&D program as a senior manager of portfolio strategy and collaborative R&D. In her role, Caldwell also manages relationships with defense and government organizations, universities, and original equipment manufacturers to further develop strategic initiatives to develop technologies that drive growth. You can contact her at kimberly.a.caldwell@spiritaero.com.
Abakora ibintu bigoye kandi byakozwe neza (nk'ibice by'indege) biyemeje gukora neza igihe cyose. Nta mwanya wo gukora ibintu bigezweho.
Kubera ko gukora indege bigoye cyane, abakora indege bagomba gucunga neza inzira y’ubuziranenge, bakita cyane kuri buri ntambwe. Ibi bisaba gusobanukirwa neza uburyo bwo gucunga no guhuza n’ibibazo by’umusaruro uhindagurika, ubuziranenge, umutekano, n’ibicuruzwa mu gihe bujuje ibisabwa n’amategeko.
Kubera ko hari ibintu byinshi bigira ingaruka ku gutanga ibicuruzwa byiza, biragoye gucunga amabwiriza y’umusaruro agoye kandi ahora ahinduka. Uburyo bw’ubuziranenge bugomba kuba bufite impinduka muri buri gice cy’igenzura n’igishushanyo mbonera, umusaruro n’igerageza. Kubera ingamba za Industry 4.0 n’ibisubizo bigezweho mu nganda, ibi bibazo by’ubuziranenge byoroshye kubicunga no kubikemura.
Uburyo gakondo bwo gukora indege bwahoraga bwibanda ku bikoresho. Inkomoko y'ibibazo byinshi byiza ishobora kuba kuvunika nabi, kwangirika, umunaniro w'ibyuma, cyangwa ibindi bintu. Ariko, gukora indege muri iki gihe birimo ikoranabuhanga rigezweho kandi ryakozwe neza rikoresha ibikoresho birwanya impanuka. Gukora ibicuruzwa bikoresha inzira zidasanzwe kandi zigoye cyane hamwe na sisitemu z'ikoranabuhanga. Porogaramu rusange zo gucunga ibikorwa zishobora kuba zitagishobora gukemura ibibazo bigoye cyane.
Ibice bigoye cyane bishobora kugurwa mu ruhererekane rw'ibicuruzwa ku isi, bityo hagomba kwitabwaho cyane kubihuza mu gihe cyose cyo guteranya. Kutamenya neza bizana imbogamizi nshya mu kugaragara kw'uruhererekane rw'ibicuruzwa no gucunga ubuziranenge. Kugenzura ubuziranenge bw'ibice byinshi n'ibicuruzwa byarangiye bisaba uburyo bwiza kandi buhuriweho.
Inganda 4.0 ihagarariye iterambere ry'inganda zikora, kandi ikoranabuhanga rigezweho rikenewe kugira ngo huzuzwe ibisabwa mu buryo buhamye. Ikoranabuhanga rifasha rikubiyemo Interineti y'Indashyikirwa mu by'Ibintu (IIoT), imiyoboro ya digitale, ukuri kwaguweho (AR), n'isesengura ry'ibiteganyijwe.
Ubuziranenge 4.0 busobanura uburyo bwiza bwo gukora ibintu bushingiye ku makuru burimo ibicuruzwa, inzira, igenamigambi, kubahiriza amategeko n'amahame ngenderwaho. Bwubakiye ku buryo busanzwe bwo gukora ibintu, aho gusimbuza uburyo busanzwe bwo gukora ibintu, hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga rishya nk'iry'inganda, harimo imashini zikoresha ibikoresho bihujwe, ikoranabuhanga rikoresha ikoranabuhanga, n'ikoranabuhanga rya digitale kugira ngo bihindure imikorere y'ikigo no gukuraho amakosa ashobora guterwa n'ibicuruzwa cyangwa inzira. Biteganijwe ko kugaragara kwa Quality 4.0 bizahindura umuco w'akazi binyuze mu kongera kwishingikiriza ku makuru no gukoresha neza ubuziranenge nk'igice cy'uburyo rusange bwo gukora ibicuruzwa.
Ubuziranenge 4.0 buhuza ibibazo by’imikorere n’ubwishingizi bw’ubuziranenge (QA) kuva mu ntangiriro kugeza ku cyiciro cy’igishushanyo. Ibi birimo uburyo bwo gutekereza no gushushanya ibicuruzwa. Ibisubizo by’ubushakashatsi buherutse gukorwa mu nganda bigaragaza ko amasoko menshi adafite uburyo bwo kwimura igishushanyo mbonera bwikora. Uburyo bwo gukora intoki butanga umwanya wo gukora amakosa, yaba ari ikosa ry’imbere mu kigo cyangwa kwereka igishushanyo mbonera n’impinduka ku ruhererekane rw’ibicuruzwa.
Uretse igishushanyo mbonera, Quality 4.0 inakoresha uburyo bwo kwigisha imashini mu buryo bw’imikorere kugira ngo igabanye imyanda, igabanye gusubiramo ibikorwa, kandi irusheho kunoza ibipimo by’umusaruro. Byongeye kandi, inakemura ibibazo by’imikorere y’ibicuruzwa nyuma yo kubigeza, ikoresha ibitekerezo by’aho bikorera kugira ngo ivugurure porogaramu y’ibicuruzwa iri kure, ikomeze kunyurwa n’abakiriya, kandi amaherezo ikomeze gukora neza. Irimo kuba umufatanyabikorwa utagereranywa wa Industry 4.0.
Ariko, ubuziranenge ntibukoreshwa gusa ku mikoranire yatoranijwe. Kuba Quality 4.0 ihuriweho bishobora gushyira mu bikorwa uburyo busesuye bwo kunoza imikorere mu bigo bikora, bigatuma imbaraga zihindura amakuru ziba igice cy'ingenzi cy'imitekerereze y'ibigo. Gukurikiza amategeko ku nzego zose z'ikigo bigira uruhare mu gushinga umuco w'ubuziranenge muri rusange.
Nta gikorwa na kimwe gishobora gukora neza mu 100% by'igihe. Imihindagurikire y'ibihe itera ibintu bitunguranye bisaba gukosorwa. Abafite uburambe mu bwiza basobanukiwe ko byose ari inzira yo kugera ku buziranenge. Ni gute wakwizeza ko ubuziranenge bushyirwa muri gahunda kugira ngo umenye ibibazo hakiri kare? Uzakora iki niwabona inenge? Ese hari ibintu biturutse hanze biteza iki kibazo? Ni izihe mpinduka ushobora gukora kuri gahunda y'igenzura cyangwa inzira yo gupima kugira ngo wirinde ko iki kibazo cyakongera kubaho?
Shyiraho imyumvire y'uko buri gikorwa cyo gukora gifite uburyo bwo gukora ibintu bujyanye n'ubuziranenge. Tekereza ahazaza hazaba hari umubano hagati y'umuntu n'undi kandi uhore upima ubuziranenge. Uko byagenda kose, ubuziranenge butunganye burashobora kugerwaho. Buri kigo cy'akazi gisuzuma ibipimo n'ibipimo by'ingenzi by'imikorere (KPIs) buri munsi kugira ngo kimenye ahantu hakwiye kunozwa mbere y'uko ibibazo bibaho.
Muri ubu buryo bwo gukora ibintu mu buryo bufunze, buri gikorwa cyo gukora ibintu gifite icyerekezo cy’ubuziranenge, gitanga ibitekerezo kugira ngo gihagarike igikorwa, kireke igikorwa gikomeze, cyangwa gikore impinduka mu buryo bwihuse. Ubu buryo ntibugira ingaruka ku munaniro cyangwa amakosa y’abantu. Ubuziranenge bw’ibikoresho byo gukora indege mu buryo bufunze ni ingenzi kugira ngo hagerwe ku rwego rwo hejuru rw’ubuziranenge, kugabanya igihe cyo gukora ingendo, no kwemeza ko byujuje ibisabwa na AS9100.
Mu myaka icumi ishize, igitekerezo cyo kwibanda ku gushushanya ibicuruzwa, ubushakashatsi ku isoko, abatanga ibicuruzwa, serivisi z'ibicuruzwa, cyangwa ibindi bintu bigira ingaruka ku kunyurwa kw'abakiriya ntibyari bishoboka. Gushushanya ibicuruzwa byumvikana ko bituruka ku buyobozi bwo hejuru; ubuziranenge ni ugushyira mu bikorwa ibi bishushanyo ku murongo w'iteraniro, hatitawe ku ntege nke zabyo.
Muri iki gihe, amasosiyete menshi arimo gutekereza ku buryo bwo gukora ubucuruzi. Uko ibintu byari bimeze muri 2018 bishobora kuba bitagishoboka. Inganda nyinshi zigenda zirushaho kuba abahanga kandi b'abahanga. Ubumenyi bwinshi burahari, bivuze ubwenge bwiza bwo kubaka ibicuruzwa bikwiye ku nshuro ya mbere, hamwe n'imikorere myiza.