Ifu ya Tourmaline, ibikoresho bifite uburyo bwinshi byakozwe neza binyuze mu gusya amabuye ya tourmaline yasukuwe mu tunyangingo duto cyane, byahinduye inganda za pulasitiki na kabutike. Iyi fatizo itangaje ikomoka kuri tourmaline, amabuye y'agaciro akomeye ya silicate izwiho imiterere yayo yihariye y'umubiri n'imiti. Binyuze mu buryo bugezweho bwo gutunganya no gusya, amabuye y'agaciro ahinduka ifu nziza ifite ingano y'utunyangingo ikunze gupimwa muri mikorometero cyangwa nanometero, bigatuma imikorere yayo irushaho kuba myiza iyo ishyizwe muri polymer zitandukanye.

Mu mizi yayo, tourmaline ni amabuye y'agaciro akomeye ya silicate izwiho imikorere yayo ya pyroelectric na piezoelectric. Iyi miterere ikomoka ku miterere yayo ya kristu, ifite agace ka trigonal gafite uburyo bwo gukwirakwiza charge butaringaniye. Iyo itunganyijwe mu buryo bw'ifu, iyi miterere ihinduka inyungu nyinshi ku ma polimeri. Ubuso bw'ifu, burangwa n'ubucucike bwinshi bw'amatsinda ya hydroxyl, butuma habaho imikoranire ikomeye hagati y'iminyururu ya polimeri, bigatuma habaho urusobe rw'imbaraga rutuma ibintu birushaho gukora neza.

Mu rwego rwo gukora pulasitiki, ifu ya tourmaline ifite inshingano nyinshi z'ingenzi. Nk'icyuzuzo gikomeza, yongera imiterere ya mashini, cyane cyane yongera imbaraga zo gukurura kugeza kuri 30% kandi igatera imbaraga zo kudakora ku kigero cya 25%, bitewe n'uburyo ikozemo n'ingano y'uduce. Uku kwiyongera kubaho binyuze mu buryo aho uduce twa tourmaline dukomeye dukora nk'ibice bigabanya stress, bigakwirakwiza imizigo ya mashini muri polymer matrix neza. Byongeye kandi, ubwinshi bw'ubushyuhe bw'ifu butuma ubushyuhe bukwirakwira mu bice bya pulasitiki, bikarinda ubushyuhe bwinshi kandi bikagabanya ibyago byo kwangirika k'ubushyuhe. Ibi bituma habaho ubuziranenge bwiza, bigatuma pulasitiki igumana imiterere yayo n'ubuziranenge mu gihe cy'ubushyuhe buhindagurika, ari na cyo kintu cy'ingenzi gisabwa mu mikoreshereze mu modoka, ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga, n'ubwubatsi.

Iyi fu kandi igaragaza ubushobozi bwiza bwo kuyirinda, ikagabanya imyuka yinjira mu byuma bya pulasitiki n'ibikoresho byayo. Ibi ni ingirakamaro cyane cyane mu gupfunyika ibiryo, aho byongera igihe cyo kubikwa kw'ibicuruzwa binyuze mu gukumira ko umwuka wa ogisijeni winjira kandi ukabura amazi. Mu gushyiramo ifu ya tourmaline, abakora bashobora gukora uburyo bwo gupfunyika burambye busaba ibikoresho bike bitabangamiye imikorere, bihuye n'uburyo isi yose ikoresha mu kugabanya imyanda ya pulasitiki.

Ku nganda zikora kabutura, ifu ya tourmaline itanga inyungu zidasanzwe nk'umusemburo wo kongera imbaraga. Ikorana neza n'izindi nyunganiramirire nka karubone umukara na silica, bikongera imikorere yazo. Mu binyabutabire bya kabutura byakuwemo kabutura, ifu yongera ubushobozi bwo kudashwanyuka kugeza kuri 40%, bigatuma iba nziza cyane mu bikorwa birimo imbaraga nyinshi, nko mu mikandara yo koherezamo ibintu, imiyoboro, n'inkuta z'amapine. Imiterere yayo yo kudashwanyuka inagabanya kwangirika no kwangirika, bigatuma igihe cyo gukora cy'ibicuruzwa bya kabutura kirushaho kuba cyiza. Ibi ntibigabanya gusa ikiguzi cyo kubungabunga ahubwo binagabanya ingaruka ku bidukikije binyuze mu kugabanya inshuro zo gusimbuza ibicuruzwa.

Kimwe mu bintu by'ingenzi by'ifu ni ubushobozi bwayo bwo kongera imikoranire hagati y'uduce tw'ibyuzuza n'umusemburo wa rubber. Amatsinda yayo y'ubuso bw'impande arema imikoranire ikomeye ya shimi n'iy'umubiri hamwe na polymer za rubber, bigatuma habaho gukwirakwira kumwe no gukumira guterana. Uku gukwirakwira guhuje ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo hagerwe ku miterere ihamye y'ibikoresho mu bicuruzwa byose, bikureho ahantu hadakomeye kandi binoze imikorere muri rusange.

Ingano y'uduce duto igira uruhare runini mu kugena niba ifu ikoreshwa neza. Ingano nziza, akenshi iri munsi ya mikorometero 10, ni zo zikundwa cyane kuri pulasitiki yoroshye na firime nto, aho zitanga imbaraga nziza zidatakaza ubworoherane. Ingano nini, kuva kuri mikorometero 10 kugeza kuri 50, zikwiriye cyane ku bicuruzwa bikomeye bya rubber, bitanga imbaraga zongerewe mu mashini mugihe bikomeza gutunganywa neza. Abakora akenshi bahindura ingano y'uduce kugira ngo ihuze n'ibisabwa byihariye, bahuza imikorere y'ifu n'ibyo inganda zitandukanye zikeneye.

Uburyo bwo guhindura ubuso burushaho kwagura imikorere y’ifu. Mu kuvura ubuso bw’uduce duto hakoreshejwe ibikoresho bihuza cyangwa surfactants, abakora bashobora kunoza imikoranire yabwo n’ibikoresho bitandukanye bya polymer, birimo polyolefins, polyester, na elastomers. Ubu buryo bwo kuvura bugabanya itandukaniro ry’ingufu z’ubuso, bugatuma polymer ishonga neza kandi bukarinda kwivanga kw’ibinure. Kubera iyo mpamvu, ifu ya tourmaline yahinduwe ishobora gushyirwa mu buryo bwinshi, bigatuma habaho imikorere myiza y’ibinyabutabire bifite imiterere yihariye.

Ifu ya tourmaline ikoreshwa mu bintu bitandukanye nka pulasitiki na kabutura gakondo. Yakoreshejwe mu bintu byihariye nko mu bikoresho bikingira amashanyarazi, aho imiterere yayo ya piezoelectric ifasha mu gukuraho ikibazo cy’amashanyarazi. Mu rwego rw’ubuvuzi, irimo gusuzumwa kugira ngo ikoreshwe mu byuma bitera amenyo bitewe nuko ihura n’ibinyabuzima kandi ikaba ishobora gutera osseointegration. Imiterere yayo yo kurwanya bagiteri, iterwa no kurekura iyoni mbi, inatuma iba inyongeramusaruro nziza ku bicuruzwa by’ubuvuzi.

Mu rwego rwo gukora ibintu birambye, ifu ya tourmaline itanga inyungu zikomeye ku bidukikije. Nk'amabuye y'agaciro karemano, ntabwo ari uburozi kandi ntirekura imiti yangiza mu gihe cyo kuyitunganya cyangwa kuyikoresha. Ubushobozi bwayo bwo kongera imikorere y'ibikoresho butuma habaho gukora ibintu byoroheje kandi biramba, bigagabanya ikoreshwa ry'ibikoresho fatizo muri rusange. Byongeye kandi, igihe kirekire cy'ibicuruzwa birimo ifu ya tourmaline kigabanya ikorwa ry'imyanda, bigatera imbere mu bukungu bw'uruziga.

Abakora ifu ya tourmaline barimo gushyira ifu ya tourmaline mu bikorwa byabo kugira ngo bahaze ibyifuzo bikomeje kwiyongera by’ibikoresho bikora neza kandi birambye. Kuva ku bice by’imodoka bisaba kuramba kugeza ku bicuruzwa bikoresha bishyira imbere umutekano no kubungabunga ibidukikije, imiterere yihariye y’ifu iyifu ituma iba umutungo w’agaciro. Mu gihe ubushakashatsi bukomeje kuvumbura uburyo bushya bwo kuyikoresha no kunoza imikorere yayo, ifu ya tourmaline yiteguye kugira uruhare runini mu gushyiraho ahazaza h’ubumenyi bw’ibintu.

Mu gusoza, ifu ya tourmaline ihagarariye iterambere ritangaje mu ikoranabuhanga ryo kuzuza. Imiterere yayo y'imikorere myinshi, uburyo butandukanye bwo kuyikoresha, n'inyungu zayo mu bidukikije bituma iba inkingi ikomeye mu bumenyi bw'ibikoresho bigezweho. Mu gihe inganda zikomeje gushaka ibisubizo bishya kugira ngo zihuze n'ibyo abaguzi bakeneye n'intego zirambye, ifu ya tourmaline nta gushidikanya ko izakomeza kuba ku isonga mu guhanga udushya mu bikoresho, itera imbere mu guteza imbere ibicuruzwa bikomeye, by'ubwenge, kandi birambye.