Kaolin ni amabuye y'agaciro atari ubutare, ni ubwoko bw'ibumba n'ibumba by'ibumba bigizwe ahanini n'amabuye y'agaciro ya kaolinite.Bitewe nuko byera kandi byoroshye, bizwi kandi nubutaka bwa Baiyun.Yiswe Umudugudu wa Gaoling muri Jingdezhen, Intara ya Jiangxi.

Kaolin yacyo yera ni umweru, yoroshye, kandi yoroshye muburyo, hamwe nibintu byiza byumubiri nubumashini nka plastike no kurwanya umuriro.Ibigize imyunyu ngugu bigizwe ahanini na kaolinite, halloysite, hydromica, illite, montmorillonite, hamwe namabuye y'agaciro nka quartz na feldspar.Kaolin ifite uburyo bwinshi bwo gukoresha, bukoreshwa cyane cyane mu gukora impapuro, ububumbyi, n’ibikoresho bivunika, bikurikirwa no gutwikira, kuzuza reberi, glaze ya emam, hamwe n’ibikoresho fatizo bya sima byera.Muri make, ikoreshwa muri plastiki, irangi, pigment, gusya ibiziga, amakaramu, kwisiga buri munsi, isabune, imiti yica udukoko, imiti, imyenda, peteroli, imiti, ibikoresho byubwubatsi, ingabo zigihugu ndetse nizindi nzego zinganda.

Ibiranga inzira
Ububiko Bwera

Kwera ni kimwe mu bintu nyamukuru byerekana imikorere ya tekinoroji ya kaolin, kandi kaolin yera-yera cyane.Umweru wa kaolin ugabanijwemo umweru karemano no kubara kwera.Kubikoresho byibanze bya ceramic, umweru nyuma yo kubara ni ngombwa, kandi uko umweru ubarwa, niko ubuziranenge bwiza.Inzira yubutaka iteganya ko gukama kuri 105 ℃ ari igipimo cyerekana amanota yera, naho kubara kuri 1300 ℃ ni igipimo cyerekana amanota yera.Umweru urashobora gupimwa ukoresheje metero yera.Imetero yera yapima urumuri rwa 3800-7000Å Igikoresho cyo gupima urumuri rwumucyo ku burebure bwumuraba wa (ni ukuvuga angstrom 1 = 0.1 nanometero).Muri metero yera, kugaragariza icyitegererezo cyikigereranyo ugereranije nicyitegererezo gisanzwe (nka BaSO4, MgO, nibindi), bikavamo agaciro keza (nka cyera cya 90, gihwanye na 90% ya kwigaragaza by'icyitegererezo gisanzwe).

Umucyo ni umutungo utunganijwe usa n'umweru, uhwanye na 4570Å Umweru munsi ya (angstrom) urumuri rwumucyo.

Ibara rya kaolin rifitanye isano ahanini na okiside yicyuma cyangwa ibinyabuzima birimo.Mubisanzwe birimo Fe2O3, bigaragara roza itukura n'umuhondo wijimye;Harimo Fe2 +, bigaragara ubururu bwerurutse n'icyatsi kibisi;Harimo MnO2, bigaragara ko yijimye yijimye;Niba irimo ibintu kama, igaragara mumuhondo wijimye, imvi, ubururu, umukara nandi mabara.Iyi myanda ibaho, igabanya umweru karemano wa kaolin.Muri byo, imyunyu ngugu ya fer na titanium irashobora kandi kugira ingaruka ku cyera kibarwa, bigatera ibibara by'amabara cyangwa inkovu zishonga kuri farufari.

Gukwirakwiza ibice by'ubunini
Ingano yubunini bwikigereranyo bivuga igipimo cyibice muri kaolin karemano murwego rwikurikiranya rwubunini butandukanye (bigaragarira muri milimetero cyangwa micrometero mesh), bigaragarira mubice byijanisha.Ingano yubunini bwo gukwirakwiza ibiranga kaolin bifite akamaro kanini muguhitamo no gukoresha amabuye y'agaciro.Ingano yacyo ifite ingaruka zikomeye kuri plastike, ubwiza bwibyondo, ubushobozi bwo guhanahana ion, gukora imikorere, kumisha, no kurasa.Ubutare bwa Kaolin busaba gutunganyirizwa tekiniki, kandi niba byoroshye gutunganya ubwiza busabwa byabaye kimwe mubipimo byo gusuzuma ubuziranenge bwamabuye.Buri shami ryinganda rifite ibisabwa byihariye kubunini bwa kaolin kubwiza butandukanye.Niba Reta zunzubumwe zamerika zisaba kaolin ikoreshwa nkigifuniko kitarenze 2 μ Ibiri muri m bingana na 90-95%, naho impapuro zuzuza impapuro ziri munsi ya 2 μ M zingana na 78-80%.

Guhambira
Adhesion bivuga ubushobozi bwa kaolin guhuza hamwe nibikoresho bitarimo plastike kugirango bibe ibyondo bya plastike kandi bifite imbaraga runaka zo gukama.Kugena ubushobozi bwo guhuza bikubiyemo kongeramo umucanga usanzwe wa quartz (hamwe nuburinganire bwa 0.25-0.15 agace kangana nigice cya 70% na 0.15-0.09mm agace kangana na 30%) kuri kaolin.Urebye uburebure bwacyo bushingiye ku mucanga mwinshi cyane mugihe ugishoboye kugumana ibumba rya plastike nimbaraga za flexural nyuma yo gukama, umucanga ninshi wongeyeho, nubushobozi bwo guhuza iyi kaolin.Mubisanzwe, kaolin ifite plastike ikomeye nayo ifite ubushobozi bukomeye bwo guhuza.

Gufata neza
Viscosity bivuga ibiranga amazi abuza gutembera kwayo bitewe no guterana imbere.Ubunini bwayo (bukora ku gice 1 cyibice byimbere) bigereranwa nubwiza, mubice bya Pa · s.Kugena ubukonje muri rusange bipimwa hifashishijwe viscometer izenguruka, ipima umuvuduko wo kuzunguruka mucyondo cya kaolin kirimo 70% bikomeye.Mubikorwa byo kubyara, viscosity ningirakamaro cyane.Ntabwo ari ikintu cyingenzi gusa mu nganda zubutaka, ahubwo gifite n'ingaruka zikomeye ku nganda zikora impapuro.Dukurikije imibare, iyo ukoresheje kaolin nk'igifuniko mu bihugu by'amahanga, ubwiza busabwa kuba hafi 0.5Pa · s yo gutwikira umuvuduko muke kandi munsi ya 1.5Pa · s kugirango yihute.

Thixotropy bivuga ibiranga ko ibishishwa byijimye muri gel kandi bitagitemba bihinduka amazi nyuma yo guhangayika, hanyuma bikagenda byiyongera buhoro buhoro muburyo bwambere nyuma yo guhagarara.Coefficient yubunini ikoreshwa mu kwerekana ubunini bwayo, kandi irapimwa hifashishijwe viscometer isohoka hamwe na capillary viscometer.

Ubukonje hamwe na thixotropy bifitanye isano nuburinganire bwamabuye y'agaciro, ingano y'ibice, n'ubwoko bwa cation mubyondo.Mubisanzwe, abafite ibintu byinshi bya montmorillonite, uduce duto, na sodium nkibyingenzi byingenzi bishobora guhindurwamo bifite ubukonje bwinshi hamwe na coefficient yibyibushye.Kubwibyo rero, muribwo buryo, uburyo nko kongeramo ibumba rya pulasitike cyane no kunoza ubwiza bukunze gukoreshwa mu kunoza ububobere bwayo na thixotropy, mu gihe uburyo nko kongera amashanyarazi ya elegitoronike hamwe n’amazi bikoreshwa mu kugabanya.