Amabara ya okiside y'icyuma ni ubwoko bukomeye bw'amabara atagira umwimerere, igice cy'ibanze kikaba ari okiside y'icyuma. Aboneka ku mwanya wa kabiri mu mabara atagira umwimerere nyuma ya diokiside ya titanium n'amabara atagira umwimerere aruta ayandi, akoreshwa cyane haba mu nganda no mu buzima bwa buri munsi.
Mu rwego rwa shimi, harimo ahanini ibyiciro bine: umutuku wa oxide y'icyuma, umuhondo wa oxide y'icyuma, umukara wa oxide y'icyuma, n'umukara wa oxide y'icyuma. Muri byo, umutuku wa oxide y'icyuma ni wo ukunze kugaragara cyane, ugizwe na 50% by'amabara yose ya oxide y'icyuma. Byongeye kandi, oxide y'icyuma ya micaceous, ikoreshwa nk'ibara rirwanya ingese, na oxide y'icyuma ya magnetic, mu bikoresho byo kwandika magnetic, nabyo biri mu rwego rwa oxide y'icyuma. Ubwoko butandukanye bwa oxide y'icyuma butanga amabara menshi bitewe n'imiterere itandukanye ya oxidation y'icyuma. Urugero, oxide y'icyuma itukura, ikomoka kuri oxide ya ferric (Fe₂O₃), isa n'umutuku; oxide y'icyuma y'umuhondo, ikomoka kuri oxide ya ferric yahiye (Fe₂O₃·H₂O), ni umuhondo; naho oxide y'icyuma y'umukara, ari yo magnetite (Fe₃O₄), igaragaza umukara.
Mu bijyanye n'imikorere, ibara rya okiside y'icyuma ni ryiza cyane. Ubudahangarwa bwazo bwa aside na alkali ni bwiza cyane. Zirakomeye cyane mu gihe cy'ubwinshi butandukanye bwa alkali n'ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi bikunze gukoreshwa nka sima na sima, nta fumbire y'ibikoresho bya sima cyangwa ngo bigira ingaruka ku mbaraga zabyo. Ariko, zishonga buhoro buhoro mu buryo bwa aside ikomeye, cyane cyane iyo zishyushye kandi zifite ubushyuhe bwinshi. Ku bijyanye no kudahangarwa n'urumuri n'ubushyuhe, ibara risanzwe rya okiside y'icyuma rihoraho mu bushyuhe runaka. Urugero, umuhondo wa okiside y'icyuma uhinduka umutuku iyo urenze 130°C, naho umutuku wa okiside y'icyuma urushaho kwiyongera ukagera ku mutuku wijimye hejuru ya 300°C. Nyamara, ibigo byinshi ubu byakoze ibicuruzwa bifite imikorere myiza cyane bishobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe bwinshi. Ubudahangarwa bwazo mu gihe cy'ikirere ni bwiza cyane, nta ngaruka nyinshi ziterwa n'ikirere nk'ubukonje, ubushyuhe, ubwumye, n'ubushuhe mu kirere, bigatuma zigaragara cyane mu bikorwa byo hanze. Byongeye kandi, zirakomeye mu myuka yanduye, ntizishongeshwa mu mazi, mu mavuta y'ubutare, mu mavuta y'imboga, no mu bintu byinshi bishongesha, kandi ntizinjiramo.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-07-2025 
