Bentonite ni amabuye y'agaciro atari icyuma agizwe ahanini na montmorillonite. Imiterere ya montmorillonite ni imiterere ya kristu yo mu bwoko bwa 2:1 igizwe na tetrahedra ebyiri za silica zigizwe n'urwego rwa octahedra ya aluminiyumu. Bitewe n'imiterere y'imiterere igizwe n'uturemangingo twa kristu twa montmorillonite, hari cation zimwe na zimwe, nka Cu, Mg, Na, K, n'izindi, kandi imikoranire yazo n'uturemangingo twa kristu twa montmorillonite ntabwo ihamye cyane, byoroshye guhindurwamo n'izindi cation, bityo zifite ubushobozi bwiza bwo guhanahana iyoni. Mu mahanga, yakoreshejwe mu mashami arenga 100 mu nzego 24 z'inganda n'ubuhinzi, hamwe n'ibicuruzwa birenga 300, bityo abantu bayita "ubutaka bw'isi yose".

Bentonite izwi kandi nka bentonite, bentonite, cyangwa bentonite. Ubushinwa bufite amateka maremare yo guteza imbere no gukoresha bentonite, yakoreshejwe gusa nk'isabune. Hari ibirombe bifunguye mu gace ka Renshou muri Sichuan mu myaka amagana ishize, kandi abaturage baho bitaga bentonite ifu y'ibumba. Ikoreshwa cyane ariko ifite amateka y'imyaka irenga ijana gusa. Ivumburwa rya mbere muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika ryabaye mu gice cya kera cya Wyoming, aho ibumba ry'icyatsi kibisi cy'umuhondo, rishobora kwaguka rikaba ifu nyuma yo kongeramo amazi, ryakunze kwitwa bentonite. Mu by'ukuri, igice cy'ingenzi cy'amabuye y'agaciro ya bentonite ni montmorillote, ifite ingano ya 85-90%. Imiterere imwe na imwe ya bentonite nayo igaragazwa na montmorillote. Montmorillote ishobora kugaragara mu mabara atandukanye nk'icyatsi cy'umuhondo, umweru w'umuhondo, imvi, umweru, n'ibindi. Ishobora gukora ibice binini cyangwa ubutaka butose, ifite ibyiyumvo byo kunyerera iyo ikosowe n'intoki. Nyuma yo kongeramo amazi, ingano y'utuzu duto iriyongera inshuro nyinshi ikagera ku nshuro 20-30, ikagaragara mu mazi ari mu mwanya wo guhagarara, kandi ikagaragara mu mwanya wo gufunga iyo hari amazi make. Imiterere ya montmorillonite ifitanye isano n'imiterere yayo ya shimi n'imiterere y'imbere.

Ibumba ryakozwe

Ibumba rikora ni ikintu gikoreshwa mu ibumba (cyane cyane bentonite) nk'ibikoresho fatizo, gikorerwa aside idakomoka ku bimera, hanyuma kikanyuzwa mu mazi no kuyumisha. Isura yacyo ni ifu y'umweru isa n'amata, nta mpumuro, nta buryohe, ntabwo ari uburozi, kandi gifite ubushobozi bwo kuyungurura cyane. Gishobora guhumura ibintu bifite amabara n'ibikomoka ku bimera. Biroroshye kwinjiza ubushuhe mu kirere, kandi kugishyira igihe kirekire bigabanya ubushobozi bwo kuyungurura. Ariko, gushyushya kugeza kuri dogere selisiyusi 300 bitangira gutakaza amazi ya kristu, bigatera impinduka mu miterere kandi bigira ingaruka ku kugabanuka. Ibumba rikora ntirishongera mu mazi, mu bintu bishongesha ibinyabuzima, no mu mavuta atandukanye, hafi ya yose ashongera mu soda ishyushye na aside hydrochloric, ifite ubucucike bwa 2.3-2.5, kandi nta kubyimba guke mu mazi no mu mavuta.

Ubutaka karemano bwakuweho ibara

Ibumba ryera risanzwe rifite ubushobozi bwo kuryoshya ni ibumba ryera ry'ikijuju rigizwe ahanini na montmorillonite, albite, na quartz, kandi ni ubwoko bwa bentonite.
Ahanini ni umusaruro w'ivumburwa ry'amabuye y'ibirunga asa n'ikirahure, adakura nyuma yo gukurura amazi, kandi agaciro ka pH k'ivumburwa gatandukanye n'ak'ibumba rya alkaline bentonite; Ubushobozi bwayo bwo gutandukanya umweru ni bubi kurusha ubw'ibumba rikora. Muri rusange amabara arimo umuhondo woroshye, umweru w'icyatsi kibisi, imvi, ibara rya olive, umukara, umweru w'amata, umutuku wa peach, ubururu, n'ibindi. Hari make cyane y'umweru gusa. Ubucucike 2.7-2.9g / cm2. Ubucucike bugaragara akenshi buba buke bitewe n'ubucucike bwayo. Ibigize imiti bisa n'iby'ibumba risanzwe, aho ibice by'ingenzi bigize imiti ari aluminiyumu okiside, silika diokiside, amazi, n'icyuma gito, manyeziyumu, kalisiyumu, nibindi. Nta plastiki, ifite ubushobozi bwinshi bwo kuyishyiramo. Bitewe n'ubwinshi bw'aside silicike, ni aside kuri litmus. Amazi akunda gucika kandi afite amazi menshi. Muri rusange, uko ubucucike burushaho kuba bwiza, niko imbaraga zo guhindura ibara ziba nyinshi.

Amabuye y'agaciro ya Bentonite
Ubutare bwa Bentonite ni amabuye y'agaciro afite akamaro kenshi, n'ubwiza bwayo.