Mu nganda zikora peteroli na gaze ku isi, gushakisha ibikorwa byo gucukura neza ni igikorwa gihoraho, aho amazi meza yo gucukura agira uruhare runini mu kubungabunga ubushobozi bwo gucukura, gukonjesha uduce two gucukura, no gutwara ibice by'ibumba hejuru y'amazi. Ifu ya Bentonite, cyane cyane bentonite ishingiye kuri sodiyumu iboneka muri montmorillote, yagaragaye nk'ikintu cy'ingenzi mu gukora amazi yo gucukura. Ubushobozi bwayo butangaje bwo kuzura amazi, imiterere yayo ya thixotropic, n'ubushobozi bwo gukora agace k'amazi gafite ubushobozi bwo kuyungurura gatuma ikoreshwa mu bikorwa byo gucukura bigezweho.

Ku bijyanye no gucukura amariba maremare, aho ubushyuhe bwo mu mazi bushobora kuzamuka kugeza kuri dogere selisiyusi 150-200 kandi igitutu kirenze 30 MPa, kugumana imbaraga mu gucukura biba ikintu cy'ingenzi. Inyongera zisanzwe z'amazi yo gucukura akenshi zirananirwa mu bihe nk'ibi bikomeye, ariko ifu ya bentonite ishingiye kuri sodiyumu iragaragara kubera imiterere yayo myiza ya rheological. Mu gace gakomeye k'ibikomoka kuri peteroli mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati, ikizamini cyo kugereranya cyagaragaje ko amazi yo gucukura arimo ifu yacu ya bentonite ishingiye kuri sodiyumu ari yo nziza. Umuvuduko w'ubucukuzi bwiyongereyeho 18%, kandi umubare w'impanuka zo gusenyuka kw'amariba wagabanutseho 70% ugereranije n'inyongera zisanzwe z'ibumba. Iyi ntsinzi ishobora guterwa na montmorillonite iri mu ifu ya bentonite, ikora umugati umwe w'urufunguzo, ubusanzwe ufite ubugari bwa mm 1-3, ku rukuta rw'amariba. Iyi keke y'urufunguzo igabanya igihombo cy'amazi mu irema, hamwe n'agaciro k'igihombo cya ≤10 mL / iminota 30 munsi y'imiterere isanzwe ya API, bityo ikarinda kwangirika kw'amariba.

Uretse bentonite ishingiye kuri sodiyumu, ibicuruzwa byacu birimo ifu ya bentonite ishingiye kuri kalisiyumu, ikwiriye cyane mu gucukura amariba magufi no gucukura amazi meza. Nubwo bentonite ishingiye kuri kalisiyumu ifite ubushobozi bwo kubyimba buke ugereranije na sodiyumu, itanga uburyo bwo kugabanya igiciro. Iyo ivuwe na karubone ya sodiyumu, ikoreshwa mu gukora ibintu bisanzwe, bentonite ishingiye kuri kalisiyumu ishobora guhinduka bentonite ivanze na kalisiyumu. Imikorere y'iyi bentonite ivanze igereranywa n'iya bentonite ishingiye kuri sodiyumu karemano, bigatuma ikoreshwa mu gucukura mu bujyakuzimu buri hagati, ubusanzwe iri hagati ya metero 1000 na 3000.

Kugenzura ubuziranenge ni ingenzi cyane mu gukora ifu ya bentonite yo gucukura amazi. Ibicuruzwa byacu byubahiriza amabwiriza akomeye, hamwe n'ibipimo by'ingenzi byujuje ibisabwa na API Spec 13A. Aya mahame agaragaza ingano ya montmorillonite iri ku kigero cya ≥80%, ingano y'ubushuhe iri ku kigero cya ≤12%, ingano y'umucanga iri ku kigero cya ≤2%, n'ibisigazwa bya sieve ya 325-mesh iri ku kigero cya ≤0.5%. Buri gikoresho gikorerwa isuzuma rikomeye muri laboratwari yacu kugira ngo harebwe niba hari ubushuhe, ko filter yatakaye, ndetse n'uko yabyimbye, kandi raporo yuzuye y'igenzura ry'ubuziranenge ihabwa abakiriya bacu.

Kugira ngo duhe abakiriya ba peteroli na gaze ku isi, dutanga ibisubizo byihariye by'ifu ya bentonite. Ku bikorwa byo gucukura mu mazi bikoresha amazi yo mu nyanja, afite umunyu mwinshi, duhindura ubuso bw'ifu ya bentonite dukoresheje umunyu wa ammonium wa quaternary. Uku guhindura kunoza cyane ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira umunyu wa bentonite, bigatuma amazi yo gucukura agumana ubukana buhamye n'igihombo gito cya filter, ndetse no mu mazi yo mu nyanja afite umunyu wa dogere 35. Mu bice bikonje byo gucukura, aho ubushyuhe bwo mu mazi bushobora kugabanuka kugera kuri ≤0°C, twongeramo imiti igabanya ubukonje ku ifu ya bentonite. Ibi birinda amazi yo gucukura gukonja kandi bigatuma atembera neza, bigatuma imirimo yo gucukura ikomeza kandi neza.

Mu bijyanye n'ibijyanye n'ubwikorezi, dushyira imbere ubuziranenge bw'ibicuruzwa byacu mu gihe cyo kubitwara. Ifu yacu ya bentonite ipfunyikwa mu mifuka idapfa guhumeka kandi irinda gupfunyika, ubusanzwe burimo ibiro 25, hamwe n'agapfunyika k'imbere ka polyethylene n'agapfunyika k'impapuro k'inyuma gapfunyitseho urwego rudapfa amazi. Iyi paki irinda ifu ya bentonite gukurura ubushuhe mu gihe cyo gutwara ibintu mu mazi kure. Twashyizeho ubufatanye bukomeye n'ibigo bikomeye by'ubwikorezi nka Maersk na CMA CGM, twizeza ko ibicuruzwa byacu bishobora kugezwa ku byambu byo mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati, muri Afurika, na Amerika y'Amajyaruguru mu minsi 20-35.