Diatomite ni ubwoko bw'urutare rwa silice, rukwirakwizwa cyane mu Bushinwa, Amerika, Ubuyapani, Danemark, Ubufaransa, Rumaniya no mu bindi bihugu.Ni urutare rwa biogenic siliceous sedimentary, ahanini rugizwe nibisigisigi bya diatom ya kera.Ibigize imiti ahanini ni SiO2, bishobora kugaragazwa nka SiO2 · nH2O, kandi imyunyu ngugu ni opal nubwoko bwayo.Ububiko bwa diatomite mu Bushinwa ni toni miliyoni 320, naho ibiteganijwe kuzaba toni zirenga miliyari 2.

Ubucucike bwa diatomite ni 1,9-2.3g / cm3, ubwinshi bwinshi ni 0.34-0.65g / cm3, ubuso bwihariye ni 40-65 ㎡ / g, naho pore ni 0.45-0.98m ³ / g.Kwinjiza amazi ni inshuro 2-4 z'ubunini bwayo, naho gushonga ni 1650C-1750 ℃.Imiterere idasanzwe irashobora kugaragara munsi ya microscope ya electron.

Diatomite igizwe na amorphous SiO2 kandi irimo umubare muto wa Fe2O3, CaO, MgO, Al2O3 hamwe n’umwanda kama.Diatomite mubisanzwe ni umuhondo cyangwa umuhondo wijimye, byoroshye, byoroshye kandi byoroshye.Bikunze gukoreshwa mu nganda nkibikoresho byo gutwika ubushyuhe, ibikoresho byo kuyungurura, kuzuza, ibikoresho byangiza, ibikoresho byamazi byikirahure, ibikoresho bya decolorizing, infashanyo ya filteri ya diatomite, umutwara wa catalizator, nibindi byingenzi bigize diatomite karemano ni SiO2.Diatomite yo mu rwego rwo hejuru ni umweru, kandi ibiri muri SiO2 akenshi birenga 70%.Diatom ya Monomer ntabwo ifite ibara kandi iragaragara.Ibara rya diatomite riterwa nubutare bwibumba nibintu kama, nibindi. Ibigize diatomite biva mumasoko atandukanye biratandukanye.

Diatomite ni ubwoko bwa fosile diatom yegeranya ubutaka bwakozwe nyuma yurupfu rwigihingwa kimwe cyitwa diatom nyuma yigihe cyo kwegeranya imyaka 10000 kugeza 20000.Diatom ni imwe muri protozoa ya mbere kwisi, ituye mumazi yinyanja cyangwa mumazi yikiyaga.

Iyi diatomite ikorwa no gushira ibisigazwa byibimera byo mu mazi bifite ingirabuzimafatizo imwe.Imikorere idasanzwe yiyi diatom nuko ishobora kwinjiza silikoni yubusa mumazi kugirango ikore skeleton yayo.Igihe ubuzima bwacyo burangiye, izabitsa kandi ikore ububiko bwa diatomite mubihe bimwe na bimwe bya geologiya.Ifite ibintu bimwe byihariye, nkibintu byoroshye, kwibanda cyane, ubuso bunini bwihariye, ugereranije no kudahuza hamwe n’imiti ihamye.Nyuma yo guhindura ingano yubunini bwikwirakwizwa hamwe nubutaka bwubutaka bubisi binyuze mu gusya, gutondeka, kubara, gutondekanya ikirere, gukuraho umwanda hamwe nubundi buryo bwo gutunganya, birashobora gukoreshwa mubisabwa bitandukanye mu nganda nko kongeramo amarangi.